We need:

1. someone in Jerusalem who may be wanting to form the organization

2. if this is done, someone who may be wanting to contact eventual sponsors and deal with the financial question

3. other possible volonteers

The project is feasible with 20 people. As personal initiative, both inscribed already will anyhow start the trip in June 2009.

Groups in rotation are accepted (a group of 12, where each member walks one month, and then the other one month, etc. or a group of 6, for 2 months each)

There are two possible joining points: Gölpazari (Turkey) and Rawalpindi (Pakistan)

Thus, three paths: the easy, the medium, and the very difficult

a) easy: from Gölpazari to Rawalpindi (6 months) only plains with slight way up to Ararat, then sharp way down, plains again until Queta, some mountain passage towards the Hindu valley and some relatively difficult ascend to Rawalpindi (Himalaya). Temperatures, agreable for 6 months (15° at night to 25-30° all over, count 10 - 15° lower in mountain regions) (3700 km)

b) medium: from Jerusalem to Rawalpindi, includes the path between Fhetiye (Marmaris) and Gölpazari (Turkey): steep mountains and many up and downs and turns all around (600 km more)

c) very difficult: included the very difficult passage through the Himalaya towards the Chinese border and the very difficult passage through the desert of Takla Makan until Dunhuang. (4 months: 2400 km) It must be possible to do this part of the journey in small buses.

This information is approximate and not binding. Further investigations will try to give more exact and specific information.

The project as such (the original one) counts on the possibility of structuring an expedition of around 600 people, in possibly taking turns. In this project: it is not supposed that more than 80 people may arrive in Rawalpindi and perhaps 20 may cross the Himalaya and the desert.

More than physical strength, what is needed is psychological endurance. In a second expedition (8 people) from Ramses to Jerusalem in 1995, people without any kind of training arrived through the desert in June in Jerusalem (one month's expedition), it became however obvious that the psychological endurance showed extreme weakness, specificly in men.

Now inscribed:

Sonja Kasten (organizer, with two expeditions as experience, 1.) Paris-Jerusalem, around 4.300 km, 7 people, 7 months 2) Ramses- Jerusalem, around 800 km, 8 people, 1 month)

Arne Kasten, my father (who may at the end follow the whole trip through video)

If interested, please specify which category you'd want to belong to. Inscription is not binding. Write to skprivate@walla.com and specify name, age, nationality, professional activity (not necessary) and the category.

If the organization is built up, some sum will be requested in order to warrant participation. This sum will not be given back if the person not finally participating and will be used to finance the participation of those having lower resources. The personal intiative is always possible but will have less structuring in organization and will in no case ask for any kind of financial participation.

a) Restoration

Glyph - Water Shield 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Your Water Shield has 3 additional charges. - Eine mittelprächtige Glyphe in meinen Augen, man spart sich hier GCDs, aber die Frage ist, ob man nicht stärkere Dinge mitnimmt. Allerdings evtl interessant in Verbindung mit dem meines Erachtens schwachen Talent Imp. Watershield (Manaregain über geplatzte Bubble nach Critheal).

Glyph - Chain Heal 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Your Chain Heal heals 1 additional target. . Sieht hammerhart aus. Aber: ich denke, der letzte Bump wird nach den Regeln des Chainheals nochmal abgeschwächt, so dass wir hier nen netten Zusatzheal haben, aber keineswegs die Verstärkung des aktuellen Zustands, wo der Chainheal in vielen Fällen alles wegheilt, was andere Klassen nicht schaffen. Aber definitiv ein Instrument, um bei Encountern mit viel Splash Damage bessere Raidheilung hinzubekommen

Glyph - Earthliving Weapon 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Increases the chance for your Earthliving weapon to trigger by 5%. - Klingt auch nicht schlecht. Problem ist eher, dass wir immer noch nicht wissen, wie Earthliving nun wirklich skaliert. Klar ist der Hot nice, wenn er aber so obergammelig ist wie aktuell, wird die Glyphe nicht der Hammer sein. Wird EW in den höheren Rängen noch gebufft, ist das hier nen heißer Kandidat für eine Pflichtrune.

Glyph - Healing Wave 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Your Healing Wave also heals you for 20% of the healing effect when you heal someone else. - Bombenstark denke ich im PVP und teilweise auch im PVE, weil man überhaupt nicht mehr auf seine eigene HP achten muss bei Encountern mit Splashdamage, weil man das eh wegheilt. Gehen wir mal von 4k Healing Waves aus, das ist so die Hausnummer, die derzeit ca vom Tankheiler bei Brutallus gefordert ist - dann heile ich mich alle 2,3 Sekunden um 800 HP - das heißt, der Slashheal auf mich kann stark reduziert werden. Bei Encountern wie KJ erzwingt es förmlich, dass der Schami alles heilt, nur nicht sich selber.

Glyph - Mana Tide 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Your Mana Tide Totem grants an additional 1% of each target's maximum mana each time it pulses. - Nett. Im Endeffekt haben wir 6 Pulses, wir holen also aus dem Manatide statt 24 % 30 % Mana raus. Wie stark das ist, wird man sehen müssen in Hinblick auf komplett geänderte Regenerationsmechaniken. Für den Schami mit Manaprobs auf jeden Fall eine Überlegung wert. Allerdings nur, wenn er keine Kompromisse dafür eingehen muss.

Glyph - Healing Stream Totem 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Your Healing Stream Totem heals for an additional 20%. - Momentan ein Totem, das selten gestellt wird (was sich auch im Addon wegen der Regenerationsänderungen wohl nicht ändern wird). Aber: sobald man einen zweiten Resto Schami im Raid hat in WotLK, wird diese Glyphe sehr interessant. Denn Manaspring stackt leider nicht im Raid. Dafür ist aber Healing Stream HPM-wise ohnehin schon sehr stark. Wenn man so auf dem Raid dauerhaft einen zugegebenermaßen an sich relativ schwachen HoT hält, ist das aber mehr als nur ein Gimmick, es spart Mana und buffert den Raid etwas, ohne dass der Schamane mehr als einen GCD alle 2 Minuten verwendet.

b) Enhancement

Glyph - Strength of Earth 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Your Strength of Earth Totem also grants 1% melee and ranged critical strike chance. - Brauche ich nicht groß zu kommentieren, Must Have für jeden, der das Wort Supporter ernst nimmt. Andere Glyphen mögen den Ego DPS mehr pushen, aber dieses hier dürfte als raidweites Totem insgesamt deutlich mehr reißen. Einer im Raid mit der Glyphe reicht aber dann auch.

Glyph - Windfury Weapon 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - The attack power bonus on the additional attacks granted by Windfury Weapon is increased by 40%. - Die Viagra Glyphe - noch mehr Burst über WF - das wird Laune machen und wenn man Glyphen  wirklich immer wieder tauschen kann, wird jeder die Glyphe haben, zumindest zu Farmen. Möglicherweise auch im Raid. In meinen Augen sehr nett.

Glyph - Stormstrike 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Increases the nature damage bonus from your Stormstrike ability by an additional 8%. - Da die SS Aufladungen eh nur noch für Elemental und Lasereulen interessant sind, ist die Stärke der Glyphe vom Raidsetup abhängig. Ich lehne mich aber mal aus dem Fenster und behaupte, dass diese Glyphe eher schwach ist, weil man selbst geskillt nur 4 Aufladungen hat und eben nur ein bis zwei DDler hiervon profitieren. Deren DPS aber wiederum bringt auch nicht mehr als Ego DPS - sprich, der Schaden ist nicht wie beim Shadow mit Support verknüpft. In meinen Augen eine Glyphe, die ich als Enhancer nur nutzen würde, wenn ich den Slot nicht sinnvoll belegen kann - ansonsten tu ich lieber was für meinen Ego DPS :P

Glyph - Lighnting Shield 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Increases the damage from Lightning Shield by 20%. - Wenn man Static Shock skillt, ist die Rune wohl nicht schlecht. Die Frage ist, ob man durchgängig LS aktiv halten kann oder ob der Watershield doch die meiste Zeit die bessere Wahl ist. Static Shock ist in einer Enhancer Skillung momentan eher ein Wackelkandidat, entsprechendes gilt auch für die Glyphe.

Glyph - Earth Shock 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Reduces the global cooldown triggered by your Earth Shock ability by 1 sec.

Glyph - Frost Shock 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Increases the duration of your Frost Shock by 2 sec.

Glyph - Flame Shock 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Increases the range on your Flame Shock ability by 10 yards. - Habe ich mal zusammengefaßt - alles Erweiterungen der bekannten Shocks, wobei die erste Rune klar im PVP die erste Wahl ist - wobei es schon etwas merkwürdig anmutet, dass der GCD NACH dem ES verkürzt wird. Mithin ist der eigene Interrupt immer noch vom GCD abhängig. FS Buff ist ebenfalls eine PVP Sache in meinen Augen, einzig beim Flameshock kann ich mir eventuell vorstellen, dass dies ein Elemental auch mal in PVE Spec mitnimmt - wobei ich mich nicht damit beschäftigt habe, was ein Elemental in LK für eine Rotation fährt.

c) Elemental

Glyph - Chain Lightning 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Your Chain Lightning strikes 1 additional target. - Siehe Kommentar zur Chainheal Glyphe, allerdings in meinen Augen im PVE nicht so stark, weil man hier oft keinen CL einsetzen kann (CCte Ziele) oder aber eh nur auf einen einzelnen Boss holzt. Dafür recht nett, um im PVP in den Zerg zu ballern. Hat imho nicht die gleiche Qualität wie die CH Glyphe.

Glyph - Fire Nova Totem 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Increases the radius of Fire Nova Totem's effect by 2 yards. - Geskillt hat das Totem zwar nen netten Effekt, aber an sich ist es zu situativ und imho eher unbrauchbar, das gilt dann auch für die Glyphe.

Glyph - Flametongue Weapon 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Increases spell critical strike chance by 2% while Flametongue Weapon is active. - Sieht aus wie ne Pflichtrune, würde ich mal sagen, für einen Ele Shaman. Warum? Weil Flametongue das Caster Äquivalent zu WF Waffe wird, also immer aktiv ist. 2 % Crit sind normalerweise 2 Talentpunkte, insofern ist diese Glyphe schon stark.

Glyph - Totem of Wrath 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Your Totem of Wrath also grants 1% spell haste. - Da das Totem grad so gepimpt wurde, dass es alleine wohl schon einen Ele Shaman im Raid rechtfertigt, sollte man hier aus meiner Sicht überlegen, die Glyphe unter Supportgedanken auch mitzunehmen, 1 % Spellhaste für alle im Raid ist schon mehr als nice.

Glyph - Lightning Bolt 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Reduces the cost of your Lightning Bolt ability by -10%. - Sofern Mana irgendwie ein Thema ist, ist diese Glyphe jedenfalls sehr stark - ich meine mich erinnern zu können, dass ohne sehr viel Crit die Eles anfangs in BC daueroom waren, kann sein, dass dies erstmal wieder am Anfang der Fall sein wird.

Glyph - Earth Elemental Totem 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Reduces the cooldown of your Earth Elemental Totem by 3 min.

Glyph - Fire Elemental Totem 01 (Shaman) (Class: Shaman) - Reduces the cooldown of your Fire Elemental Totem by 3 min. - Nett. Aber ich weiß nicht, ob ich das brauche. Die Glyphe hole ich mir nur, wenn der Slot ansonsten frei bleibt. Zwar ist der Fireele sicherlich ein DPS Zuwachs. Aber naja.

Es fällt auf: wir haben viele Glyphen, die erst in Synergie mit Talenten interessant werden. Es gibt einige wenige Glyphen, die schlichwegs Pflicht sind - es bleibt abzuwarten, ob wir noch mehr Glyphen sehen werden, ich geh da schwer von aus. Leider kann man momentan nicht ersehen, in welche Kategorie die Glyphen fallen, ich gehe aber davon aus, dass wir hier Glyphen aus unterschiedlichen Kategorien vor uns haben - das diktiert schon die unterschiedlich starke Auswirkung der Glyphen auf das Powerniveau des Chars.

Ich denke, dass Blizzard hier auf einem guten Weg ist - das Balancing ist sicherlich nicht sehr einfach und es wird sicherlich auch bei Glyphen nach kurzer Zeit nur wenige Kombinationen gehen, die als minmaxing durchgehen. Aber man sieht auch, dass einige Glyphen anfangs eventuell stärker sind als später, wenn das Gear besser wird - das gilt insbesondere für Glyphen, die die Manareg tangieren.

I took this photo in September 2007. Look at his death date. 2040?! The best I can figure is that he is an optimist (he would be 105 in 2040) who likes to plan ahead!

Les chèques et bons de commande sont à envoyer avant le 15 septembre, et comme nous sommes tenus de ne pas dépasser un certain nombre d'inscrits, il vaut mieux vous inscrire dès maintenant !

Par ailleurs, pour des raisons à la fois techniques et pratiques, nous séparerons désormais les informations sur le colloque en deux :
- les informations scientifiques (le programme, qui va être prochainement mis en ligne, les textes des communications, etc.) resteront accessibles sur ce site, dédié au colloque ;
- les informations pratiques (inscriptions, modalités d'accès, etc.) seront accessibles sur le site de l'ERTé, à cette rubrique

Ok coming back to the pink rocksters - well they were too pretty to resist. I'd originally planned to buy them in functional colours i.e black and silver but the second I laid my eyes on those pink ones hanging in that little galli-shop off Commercial Street (which is where you get them, for those interested) I knew I had to have them ! Now I just have to find something to wear them with - ah, the difficulties of life !

I also bought my first pair of All-Star Converse shoes in navy blue. I kept meaning to buy them over the last two years, and I never got around to doing so! Except they give me a horrible shoe bite, so I'll have to find some way of getting past that.

If you're tearing your hair out after reading about my shoe shopping.. When Geetanjali Chitnis goes shopping ( especially on Brigade Road) there is always a trip to a bookstore involved! And this time, to three bookstores. Crossword was my first destination - I wanted to pick up a journal in handmade paper (top secret purposes) and I wanted to pick up a copy of Emma and Persuasion. But then I ran through most of my 'finances' buying pretty stationary, so I had to settle on choosing between one of the books. And I wanted Persuasion more than I wanted Emma. But as my luck would have it, Crossword had Persuasion only in a combination with Northanger Abbey, which I already own. So that led to trips to The Bookworm (which also didn't have Persuasion) and finally, Blossom's (which did). So yay, now I have Persuasion, the last of Jane Austen's completed works to be published !

The beauty of second hand books is the inscriptions you sometimes find on the inside of the book jacket :) There was one on the inside of the copy of Persuasion, from a daughter to her mother. The inscription is dated 'Xmas 1987' - three years before I was born! I don't know, I just love knowing that books have their own stories - apart from the one that is printed inside them.

Oh and I forgot to mention - somewhere in between the shopping was a stop at (where else ?) KFC!

Many couples who come to Robbins Brothers, World's Biggest Engagement Ring Store to purchase wedding bands request engraved messages for the inside of the bands. Here are some suggestions for your personal engravings:

• Wedding Date (12/6/05, or Dec 6, 2005)
• I Love You, John!
• Yours Truly
• Love/Love (for tennis players)
• Symbols (a heart, a cross)
• Amor Vincit Omnia (Latin, “Love Conquers All”)
• “A Deal’s a Deal” (engraved on the bands of Courtney Cox-Arquette & David Arquette)
• A favorite verse from scripture (Song of Solomon in the Old Testament, I Corinthians 13:4 in the New Testament)
• XXOO (Kisses and Hugs)
• Your nicknames
• Je t’aime (”I love you” in French) 
• My Love
• Always & Forever
• Put Me Back On (for the spouse with a sense of humor)
• With Love, from Mrs. Ferraro
• A line from a romantic poem (”How Do I Love Thee?” Elizabeth Barrett Browning)
• You are my sunshine
• That’s Amore!

This message will be worn on your left finger forever, so choose wisely. Spend an evening together over a pot of coffee, or a bottle of wine, and jot down some ideas of your own. You just may discover a hidden poet inside yourself or your spouse-to-be! In addition to diamond engagement rings, Robbins Brothers has a large selection of unique wedding bands.  

When presenting this monument, I followed the sequence determined by the monument.  We began with the steps leading down into the crypt.  You may find the plan from the Taschen Early Medieval Art Survey by Xavier Barral i Altet on Flickr.  The actual steps may have originally functioned as risers.  Ernst Kitzinger's article on "Interlace and Icons"fits well as a follow-up reading, for it discusses these steps in terms of their apotropaic potential, which almost every aspect of the crypt reinforces.

We then examined the door frame and its extended inscription (scroll down).   

The inscription reads, in English:

In the name of God, I,

here, Mellebaude,

debtor/sinner and servant of Jesus Christ,

have created for myself thIS

little cave here where

my sepulcher

lies, unworthy,

which I did in the name

of the Lord Jesus Christ whom

I loved, in whom

I believed.  It is a

true dignity to confess that God

lived, whose

glory is GREAT,

 where peace, faith, and charity IS.

HE is God and man,

and God is in him. 

[added, in same hand]

If someone does not worship here the Lord JESUS

CHRIST and destroys this WORK,

may he be anathema – Maranatha –

Until Eternity.

Although only one of several intriguing inscriptions in the crypt, to go into each one would go well beyond the modest aims of this website.  I should mention, however, that one inscription, in particular, permits insight into the circumstances of the crypt's dedication, destruction, and restoration.

In the second chamber, two plaques depict archangels and Evangelists.  They compare well with the Coffin of Saint Cuthbert.  The crypt also preserves an intriguing fragmentary relief of the two thieves from the Crucifixion. 

Although this monument requires a bit of effort, it rewards well that effort.

I have seen examples of cave drawings, cave writings and some more formal inscriptions in Dhofar. For example:

Does anyone know how old they are? Has anyone done any dating tests on them?

- avant Vendredi 16 mai à la 15ème Boutard Cup le jeudi 22 Mai à 14h30 en Shot gun

- avant Vendredi 20 juin à la Coupe des Couples le jeudi 26 Juin à 9h20 en Shot gun

- avant Vendredi 7 mai au 3ème Trophée des Chefs le jeudi 15 Mai à 12h30 en Shot gun 

Monza Flask 6, Obverse showing the Crucifixion

in the frame:

EMMANUEL, GOD IS WITH US

Monza Flask 6, Reverse showing the Resurrection

within the medallion:

HE IS RISEN

in the frame:

BLESSING OF THE LORD FROM THE HOLY PLACES

Monza Flask 14, Obverse showing the Crucifixion and the Resurrection

in the frame:

OIL OF THE WOOD OF LIFE OF THE HOLY PLACES OF CHRIST

Monza Flask 14, Reverse showing the Ascension

in the frame:

EMMANUEL, GOD IS WITH US

Andre Grabar included French translations in his Les Ampoules de Terre Sainte (Monza, Bobbio) (1958).

In my course this semester, I began with an overview of "the World of Gregory the Great," surveying the objects associated with Theodolinda, Queen of the Longobards, and also those found in the burial mounds at Sutton Hoo. 

First we looked at pilgrim flasks from the Holy Land, namely those preserved in the treasury at Monza, north of Milan.  They demonstrate the movement of objects and ideas in the early medieval Mediterranean.  I showed a flask with a symbolic Crucifixion- Christ's head in a medallion floating above a cross and flanked by thieves.  This flask provided a comparandum at least twice in subsequent weeks.  Also, the convergence of the inscriptions on the flasks and the account of the Piacenza Pilgrim started the thread of text and image that runs through the length of the course. 

I then showed the book covers of Theodolinda and read from a letter of Gregory the Great to Theodolinda referring to his gift of a "persian case."  We discussed the temptation to connect the persian case with the book covers.  

The Longobard component then concluded with the Visor of Agilulf, a good object for practice in description.

For large color images of two Monza flasks , see the Splendori di Bisanzio, the catalogue of a 1990 exhibition in Ravenna.

The 4th Part of Koilozhugu is scheduled for release by the Dhivya anugraham of the Srirangam Dhivya Dhampathis in the Karuthurai Mandapam (opposite the Sree Ranganaachiyaar Thaayaar Sannidhi and adjacent to the Periyavaachaan pillai saanidhi  ) on Panguni Utharam day 21/3/2008 .

The MRP of the book is Rs. 500/- but it is being offered for Rs. 400/- from 21/3/08 to 31/3/08 .All are welcome to avail the concession .In addition to the Koilozhugu part IV , the previous  editions of Koilozhugu namely ,Koilozhugu Parts I & II ( A total of 4 books  ) MRP - Rs. 500 is being offered for Rs. 450/-

Koilozhugu Parts I ,II & II ( a total of 7 books ) MRP Rs. 1000 /- is being offered for Rs. 900/-

Koilozhugu Parts I,II,II & IV (A total of 11 books ) MRP  Rs. 1500/- is being offered for Rs. 1300/-

This concession offer is valid from 21/3/08 to 31/3/08 .

Outstation readers desirous of getting Koilozhugu book/books may kindly remit the amount including the necessary courier charges (by enquiring us either thru E Mail or Phone :( 0431-2434398 ,99943- 81465,
98842 - 89887 )
in SBI Account of  K.Vasudevan , SBI Srirangam,

SBI A/c 1046 535 9499 . 

Respected readers who would like the books sent to them by courier or parcel are requested to kindly contact panriyalvan@yahoo.com or admin@srivaishnavasri.com or kicha19@sify.com regarding the modus operandi for getting the book .

Adiyen Raamaanuja Varavaramunidhaasan Vaasudevan , 214 East Uthara street ,Srirangam ,Trichy-620006

Phone - 0431-2434398 , 98842 89887 -Vodafone , 99943-81465-Airtel .

 

Communiqué des organisateurs (mercredi 5 mars après-midi) = "Madame, Monsieur,Le nombre de 25.000 participants étant atteint, nous sommes au regret de ne plus pouvoir accepter de nouvelles inscriptions. Nous sommes désolés et espérons vous revoir l'année prochaine à partir du 1er mars pour la 30ème édition qui aura lieu le 31 mai 2009."

La folie de la course à pieds était connue pour l'épreuve des 20 km de Bruxelles mais là, c'est devenu complétement dingue... En à peine 2,5 jours, tous les dossards ont trouvé acquéreur.

Heureusement pour moi, notre équipe "Tipik Communication" a été inscrire à temps... Merci Jean Luc pour la coordination.

Je vous donne donc rendez-vous sur la ligne de départ et/ou d'arrivée mais avant cela, il y aura notre préparation avec notre coach.

Vivement les sorties dans la forêt de Soignes !!!

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Toute inscription incomplète ne sera pas prise en compte,

Au plaisir de se rencontrer autour d'une table de poker ... mais attention les inscriptions sont limitées ! Alors inscrivez vous vite !

Cliquez en haut de cette page sur "inscription" pour participer :

le 16 mars : Coupe Charly Loesch à Cély

le 17 Avril : Coupe Art et Kia à Greenparc

le 22 Avril : Coupe de classement à Villeray

Prochaine cuisine : le jeudi 28 février, de 18h à 21h.

Au menu : Crème de betterave et Végéburgers   

Pour que ce soit possible de prévoir à l'avance le nombre de portion et la quantité d'ingrédients à acheter, s.v.p inscrivez-vous en appelant l'ACSA ou en laissant un message sur le blogue (cliquez sur "commentaire" pour cet article et laissez un texte du genre : "jo blo s'inscrit"). La date d'échéance pour les inscriptions sera toujours 1 semaine AVANT la date de la prochaine cuisine. Donc la date d'échéance pour s'inscrire est le jeudi 21 février. Après, ce sera trop tard pour s'inscrire car trop compliqué côté organisation pour le groupe! 

Demandes spéciales. Si vous avez une toque (chapeau de chef cuisinier) qui traîne chez vous, amenez-la, ce serait drôle de la mettre sur la tête de la personne qui nous explique comment cuisiner la recette. Si vous avez un vieux pinceau à pâtisserie (qui dort chez vous), ce serait apprécié dans la cuisine collective pour beurrer les moules. 

This one interested me for two reasons, the first and smaller of which was that Mr Handley is not an academic, but a lawyer, who does his research in his spare time. As I frequently fear ending up 'on the outside' for reasons of heart, health or hope, or the lack thereof, it's always reassuring to me to see that someone can still produce work of high quality in that situation.

The other reason was the quality, of course. Mr Handley's subject of research is travellers, writ large, not just traders but all kinds, soldiers, pilgrims, émigrés and exiles, messengers, students, teachers, the lot. In fact, a substantial point of his paper was to try and rebalance our picture of medieval voyagers towards these others travellers away from traders. This appeals to me because although I accept its basic validity, I have still always felt there was something basically upside-down about the methodology that Michael McCormick used in his Origins of the European Economy, where he tracked trade routes through the records left by other sorts of travellers, without really being interested in those others. But then Handley has a much larger sample of travellers than he had, a sample indeed whose diversity defies the kind of generalisations about currents that McCormick would have wanted to make from it. (Handley of course isn't the first to suggest that modifications could be made to McCormick's work.)

So where's this evidence all coming from? What source has Handley got hold of that such scholars could so easily miss? The answer is, inscriptions. Again, writ large; funerary inscriptions, monuments, and humble graffiti, in fact especially the last, because the value of "Kilroy was here" as evidence of travel is actually quite high. He's been very strict about what he counts as evidence: only named countries or regions of origin or a clear statement of foreign origins, and this still gives him 528 instances not including those at Rome (which he left out for reasons that elicited some discussion afterwards), up to about 650 C. E. This is what most of us early medievalists consider a pretty good sample!

Obviously he could expand it by admitting things like regional names like 'Africanus' and so on, but his rigour has good justifications, and they principally revolve around Syrians. He gave a run-down on the old historiography, which here still relies to a surprising extent on Pirenne, and emphasised that one of its over-riding tendencies was a pair of false syllogisms, that a mention of Easterners meant Syrians (because everyone knew that Syrians were the main traders, right?) and that a mention of Syrians meant traders (because... oh, we just did that), so that effectively from chance occurrences of Easterners Pirenne and others constructed a detailed Syrian-centred trade network which the Muslim conquests therefore wrecked. Handly's particular rigour allows him to test these assumptions with the extra detail from which his work profits, and pronounce that although Syrians were certainly the largest single group of Easterners attested in the West, they are some way from being a majority of his sample, and really very few of those who are qualified with occupations were traders; rather more were soldiers and of course lots were clerics. Now that might be what you'd expect: in a literate form of evidence clerics would predominate, whereas those to whom travel was all in a month's work might be less likely to leave graffiti on monuments. But would they be that much less likely to die overseas? Surely more so, which might even balance things back out. So I think it still needs accounting for.

Some of this work is due to emerge as an article in the Journal of Roman Studies, and although there are certainly questions that can be asked about the methodology, as indeed there were on Wednesday, I think it will be a very useful thing to have out there and will hopefully stimulate more work on this sort of evidence, because there is much more of it than people sometimes realise.

Mary BULLEN - b. March 10, 1910 - Sept. 28, 1989

Lawrence C. STEVENSON d. 1958 aged 58

Isaac JAMES b. 10.8.45 - 22.8.05

James BENOIT d. 5 Sept. 1942 aged 63

Elizabeth BENOIT d. 16 July 1955 aged 65

Henry GELLINEAU d. 19 November 1980 aged 61 years
Loving wife, Veronica d. 29 June 1990 age 80 years

Brunette ELBURN d. 1952

Julia ELBURN d. 1944

Edna ELBURN d. 1951

Jerome C. ANSON 1900-1990

Gilbert STEVENSON d. 25 May 1946 aged 45

Asenath STEVENSON d. December 1947 aged 80

Young AGRICNO age 42 years

Owen Herbert OTTWAY b. Jan 1900 -18 November 1996

Clovis MATHLIN 6 Sept. 1900 - 5 Oct. 1968

Barbara MATHLIN-GILL 8 Jan 1937-19th July 1975

John Everest "Workhouse" ALEXIS 1912-1989 husband of Anastasia, father
of Simon, Andrew, Peter, Francis

Mary H. MILNE nee DEWHURST b. 17 Jan 1817 d. 31 Dec 1973

Rose Cadore ALEXIS d. 10 Nov 1988 age 55

Gladys GELLINEAU d 19 May 1972 age 63

Charles GELLINEAU b. 22 June 1953 d. 2001

Mary ALEXANDER 1919-1995

Cuthbert FRANCIS 20 March 1929 - 13 April 2001

Mary "May" ALEXANDER May 1919 - Feb 1995

Lucas FRANCIS b. 27 Oct. 1927 d. 14 Feb 1997

Mary Elizabeth ROBINSON 23 May 1904-21 June 1996

Gertie BENOIT d. 13-9-1974

Carlton BENOIT d. 15-12-1974

Elzina WALTHERS 1 Sept 27 1902 - Dec 24 1991

Vernon BULLEN d 31 Aug 1983 age 82

Isabel (Isabela on brass plaque) EMMANUEL nee ST. BERNARD 1914-2000

Pheophus "Uncle Toffee" SIMON d. 26 March 1988 age 78

Godfrey W. LATOUCHE b. 16 July 1924 d. 17 Oct. 2002

Ruby Bourne FRANCIS 1918-1986
wife of Curtis, mother of Edmund (Cossy)

Rupert Eric ROBINSON
18 Dec. 1902-15 July 1969

Shelly Agnes MATHLIN
7 July 1908- 6 Sept. 2000

Mary Eldica BRAITHWAITE d. 20 Oct. 1988 age 79

Leanora Ivy BISHOP 19 May 1924-11 Dec 1991

Netha Veronica NECKLES d. 30 Dec. 1947 age 48

Michael ALEXIS d. 3 Sept 1986 age 70

Lucy ALEXANDER 4 Sept 1994 age 69

Osbert HAYES d. 13 1950

Annie G. HAYES d. 5 Jul 1973 age 93

Lionel EMMANUEL d. 22 Feb 1959 age 56

Rosilia FRANCIS d. 21 Dec 1952 age 85

ROBERTSON Family
Pearl d. Sept. 1920
Lenora d. June 1956
George Sr. d. Oct. 1959
Alicia d. Jan 1965
Erris d. July 1983
George Jr. d. March 2001

Elenor HAYES d. Nov. 1920

Allen HAYES d. 16 June 1963

Gabriel HAYES d. 20 May 1917

Patrick A EMMANUEL March 17 1943 - April 27 1986

Gwen Rita EMMANUEL
1912-1993

Julian M. NOEL
16 July 1902-26 April 1987

Rupert Elliot GITTENS d. 28 Sept 1993 age 84

Clefida BENOIT HUDSON 3 Sept 1912-15 June 1988

Rebecca ISAAC 19 Dec. 1945 - 23 June 1998

Erma L. NOEL1926-2001

Milton WORME 1952-1966 (son)
Elizabeth WORME 1914-1984 (mother)

Errol Gregory ALEXANDER d. 12 Oct. 1986 age 80

Effie SMITH June 1 1901-June 29 1987

Frank D. FRANCIS 27 Nov 1927-19 Feb 1994

Anne M. SMITH 1944-1995

Rawl GILKES d. 16 Feb 2000

Hurbert BRAITHWAITE July 1 1914 - Jan 21 1999

Stephen TOUSSAINT 3 Sept 1945-16 April 1988

Sydney BELGRAVE d. 10 Aug 1999 age 78

Mary Brenda DE FREITAS b. 10-5-50 d. 3-1-93

Natalie Maria DE FREITAS 14 June 1976-8 March 1990

Ermyntrude Emeida WHITEMAN-LEWIS
No dates